Shayees Arawa, Suhail Ahmad Gilkar, Maria Bashi

A STUDY OF CORRELATION BETWEEN BLOOD GROUPS AND ANAEMIA - AN ANALYTICAL CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY ON OLDER SUBJECTS.

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Objective: This study is focused to know the co-relation between blood groups and Hemoglobin in elderly population (≥65 years), so that proper and regular screening and preventive measures can be undertaken so as to prevent anaemia in individuals who are prone to it. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional analytical study conducted on 161 individuals comprising of both male and female of age ≥65 years of age to nd out the correlation between ABO blood group, Rh factor and hemoglobin concentration. The study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Government Medical College Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India from May 2023 to June 2023, after taking the approval of the institutional ethics committee. After taking the consent from the patient and under all aseptic precautions blood samples were taken, ABO and Rhesus blood grouping were done using the slide method and Hemoglobin concentration was estimated by Acid Haematin method. Result: In our study of 161 subjects comprising 77 males and 84 females with age ≥65 years blood group B was the most frequent blood group with frequency of about 36.64%, followed by blood group O comprising of 29.81%, blood group A comprising of 24.22% and blood group AB comprising of 9.31% respectively. Prevalence of anaemia in older subjects is 65.21 %, and anaemia is more common in blood group B ( 72.88% ) followed by blood group O ( 68.75 % ) followed by A ( 61.53% )and AB ( 33.33 % ) blood group respectively. Out of total study population 81.98% belonged to Rh positive and 18.01 % belonged to Rh negative blood group. Out of total male subjects 58.44 % had low haemoglobin concentration whereas in case of females 71.42 % were having low Hb .This clearly shows that old age females are more susceptible to anaemia than old age males. Conclusion: Prevalence of anaemia in older subjects is 65.21 %. Blood group B is the most common blood group followed by blood groups O, A and AB respectively. In old age individuals anaemia is more frequent in blood group B followed by blood groups O, A and least in blood group AB. Females are more prone to develop anaemia than men in old age. Based on their blood groups, we can advise regular screening and intake of diet rich in iron and vitamins or also recommend supplements from early ages to the individual who are more susceptible to anaemia, so that we can reduce the complication and burden of anaemia in their older ages and on the society as whole.

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