Advancing Load Frequency Control in Multi-Resource Energy Systems Through Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage

Given the fundamental importance of the power grid in both supply and demand, frequency stability is critical to the reliable and stable function of energy systems. When energy is stored in the system, it mitigates problems caused by various disturbances that interrupt the energy system’s operation. The energy storage system (ESS) stores excess energy and returns it to the system by reducing power oscillations and improving stability and dependability. Superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) is one strategy for storing energy in the power system. As a rotational storage system, its quick dynamic response is a significant advantage. This device can quickly release a substantial amount of energy. A gas power plant in one area, along with a steam and a hydropower plant in another, constitute a multi-resource energy system. This paper’s primary objective is to study and model how SMES affects the dynamic behavior of this energy system. The state-space representation of the power system’s dynamic behavior is given by first-order differential equations. This power system has a complexity of fifteen orders. The outcomes of the simulation using MATLAB software are presented in the time domain, and its correctness is shown by analyzing the power system’s modes. The results show that placing an SMES unit not only eliminates oscillations and frequency deviation but also reduces the induction time in the time responses of power in the connection line and frequency deviation. Different modes are considered for the energy system, and the effect of the power storage unit is shown by presenting the simulation results.