Helminth parasitic infections are a considerable constraint to the livestock industries worldwide. Nematode parasites cause the major proportion of harm to livestock. The infections caused are accountable for severe economic losses in cattle, goat and sheep farming industries. Morbidity and mortality in livestock due to parasitic diseases are increasing alarmingly. Also, their zoonotic influence on human health is considered significant. Anthelmintic drugs have been developed occasionally to curb this disease and prevent major losses. But the development of resistance against these drugs has put another constraint on this flourishing industry. Helminth parasites have developed resistance against three main classes of anthelmintics: benzimidazoles, macrocyclic lactones and nicotinic agonists. With the intensification of resistance, various screening and confirmatory tests have been developed for the speedy introduction of newer drugs in the livestock industry. At the same time, designing and launching novel anthelmintics is time-consuming and economically restrained. Phytochemicals attract much attention because of their pharmacotherapeutic potential, least toxic profile and low environmental hazards. A lot of work is going on plant-based anthelmintic drugs throughout the world. Plants possessing anthelmintic activity have been found efficacious against gastrointestinal parasites. Nevertheless, these herbal medicines have various drawbacks, which include poor efficacy and the absence of target selectivity. These problems are now being taken care of with the help of nanotechnology. Nanoparticles improve the drug’s effectiveness, enhance drug delivery, and target selectivity at specific sites. A comprehensive literature survey was carried out via electronic searches of Google Scholar, PubMed, MEDLINE, Science Direct, Scopus and Cochrane Library databases and based on inclusion and exclusion criteria; articles were selected for this review. The review aims at providing a comprehensive overview of plant-based nanoparticles as therapeutic alternatives over conventional synthetic anthelmintic drugs. It also encompasses the methods of detection of resistance and the ways to overcome this menace. The effectiveness of various organic and inorganic nanoparticles against helminthes is also discussed in this review.

More from our Archive

• DOI: 10.3390/foods12142704 2023

  Climate Change—A Global Threat Resulting in Increasing Mycotoxin Occurrence

  Jovana Kos, Mislav Anić, Bojana Radić, Manuela Zadravec, Elizabet Janić Hajnal, Jelka Pleadin

• DOI: 10.3390/plants12132565 2023

  Nanotechnology in Food and Plant Science: Challenges and Future Prospects

  Mohammad Azam Ansari

• DOI: 10.3390/plants12132519 2023

  Synergistic Effects of Rhizobacteria and Salicylic Acid on Maize Salt-Stress Tolerance

  Qasim Ali, Maqshoof Ahmad, Muhammad Kamran, Sana Ashraf, Muhammad Shabaan, Babar Hussain Babar, Usman Zulfiqar, Fasih Ullah Haider, M. Ajmal Ali, Mohamed S Elshikh

• DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14112 2023

  MdNAC104 positively regulates apple cold tolerance via CBF‐dependent and CBF‐independent pathways

  Chuang Mei, Jie Yang, Quanlin Mei, Dongfeng Jia, Peng Yan, Beibei Feng, Aisajan Mamat, Xiaoqing Gong, Qingmei Guan, Ke Mao, Jixun Wang, Fengwang Ma

• DOI: 10.3390/plants12132469 2023

  Developing Sustainable Agriculture Systems in Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Production by Using Chitosan and Chitin-Based Biostimulants

  Wenli Sun, Mohamad Hesam Shahrajabian, Spyridon A. Petropoulos, Nazanin Shahrajabian

• DOI: 10.1111/nph.19100 2023

  Alternative splicing of <scp><i>TaHSFA6e</i></scp> modulates heat shock protein–mediated translational regulation in response to heat stress in wheat

  Jingjing Wen, Zhen Qin, Lv Sun, Yumei Zhang, Dongli Wang, Huiru Peng, Yingyin Yao, Zhaorong Hu, Zhongfu Ni, Qixin Sun, Mingming Xin

• DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae9070757 2023

  Mapping of the Susceptibility of Colombian Musaceae Lands to a Deadly Disease: Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Tropical Race 4

  Gustavo Rodríguez-Yzquierdo, Barlin O. Olivares, Oscar Silva-Escobar, Antonio González-Ulloa, Mauricio Soto-Suarez, Mónica Betancourt-Vásquez

• DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9070619 2023

  Automatic Control of Chemolithotrophic Cultivation of Cupriavidus necator: Optimization of Oxygen Supply for Enhanced Bioplastic Production

  Vera Lambauer, Alexander Permann, Zdeněk Petrášek, Vanja Subotić, Christoph Hochenauer, Regina Kratzer, Markus Reichhartinger

• DOI: 10.3390/foods12132529 2023

  Potential Beneficial Effects and Pharmacological Properties of Ergosterol, a Common Bioactive Compound in Edible Mushrooms

  Panthakarn Rangsinth, Rajasekharan Sharika, Nattaporn Pattarachotanant, Chatrawee Duangjan, Chamaiphron Wongwan, Chanin Sillapachaiyaporn, Sunita Nilkhet, Nichaporn Wongsirojkul, Anchalee Prasansuklab, Tewin Tencomnao, George Pak-Heng Leung, Siriporn Chuchawankul

• DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plad036 2023

  Vascular variants in seed plants—a developmental perspective

  Israel L Cunha Neto