Sudil Paudyal, Manish Kumar Gupta, Deepak Adhikari

Anatomical Variations of Renal Artery Studied by Computed Tomography in a Tertiary Care Center in Nepal

  • General Medicine
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Background: Each kidney is normally supplied by a single renal artery originating from the abdominal aorta. A lot of renal surgeries are routinely done nowadays, so it has become increasingly necessary for surgeons to understand the abnormalities and variations in the renal vasculature. The aim of this study was to determine anatomical variations of renal arteries in the Nepalese population. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in the Department of Radiology and Imaging on a total of 125 patients (57 male and 68 female) of age range 18-65 years who underwent Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography (CECT) of the abdomen from November 2020 to April 2021. Results: Renal artery variations were found in 49.6% of the patients. Among them, 24% individuals had early hilar division of renal artery, 8.8% individuals had aberrant renal artery and 21.6% individuals had accessory renal artery. In early hilar division of renal artery, 13.6% individuals had right sided early hilar division, 7.2% individuals had left sided early hilar division and 3.2% individuals had bilateral early hilar division. In aberrant renal artery, 6.4% individuals had aberrant renal artery on right side and 2.4% individuals had aberrant renal artery on left side. In accessory renal artery, 8% individuals had accessory renal artery on right side, 11.2% individuals had accessory renal artery on left side and 2.4% individuals had bilateral accessory renal artery. The difference in prevalence of aberrant renal artery in males and females was statistically significant (p=0.05). Conclusion: Renal artery variations are very common. Most common variations found in this study included early hilar division of renal artery, aberrant and accessory renal artery. The incidence of early hilar division of renal artery was more common than aberrant and accessory renal artery in our study population. Key words: Anatomical variations, Computed tomography, CECT, Renal Arteries.

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