Clinical Intricacies and Advances in Neuroendocrine Tumors: An Organ-Based Multidisciplinary Approach
Luigi Asmundo, Valentina Ambrosini, Mark A. Anderson, Stefano Fanti, William R. Bradley, Davide Campana, Amirkasra Mojtahed, Ryan Chung, Shaunagh Mcdermott, Subba Digumarthy, Stephan Ursprung, Konstantin Nikolau, Florian J. Fintelmann, Michael Blake, Carlos Fernandez-del Castillo, Motaz Qadan, Ankur Pandey, Jeffrey W. Clark, Onofrio A. Catalano- Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging
Abstract
Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are rare neoplasms originating from neuroendocrine cells, with increasing incidence due to enhanced detection methods. These tumors display considerable heterogeneity, necessitating diverse management strategies based on factors like organ of origin and tumor size. This article provides a comprehensive overview of therapeutic approaches for NENs, emphasizing the role of imaging in treatment decisions. It categorizes tumors based on their locations: gastric, duodenal, pancreatic, small bowel, colonic, rectal, appendiceal, gallbladder, prostate, lung, gynecological, and others. The piece also elucidates the challenges in managing metastatic disease and controversies surrounding MEN1–neuroendocrine tumor management. The article underscores the significance of individualized treatment plans, underscoring the need for a multidisciplinary approach to ensure optimal patient outcomes.