Comparison of four severity-of-disease scores in predicting mortality of trauma patients in ICU; a cross-sectional study

Introduction: Forecasting mortality among trauma patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) is crucial for advancing treatment approaches and elevating the standard of patient care. Objectives: The purpose of this research was to compare well-known severity-of-disease scores in predicting the mortality of trauma patients in the ICU. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from 2016 to 2017 at the ICU of Amin Hospital, which is affiliated with a university in Isfahan, Iran. Information for calculating the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, Injury Severity Score (ISS), and M Score was extracted from patients’ files and compared with their mortality using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results: Our study showed that the M Score and SOFA Score have sensitivities of 94.5 and 88.29, and specificities of 88.9 and 80.14, respectively. When comparing the AUC of mean SOFA, mean M Score, APACHE II, and ISS across different age groups and the entire study population, we found that the M Score and SOFA significantly better predict mortality than APACHE II and ISS. Conclusion: This study showed that the M Score and SOFA Score predict the mortality of trauma patients admitted to the ICU better than APACHE II, and that ISS is not appropriate for this task.