Crystallographic Analysis and Theoretical Investigation of Intermolecular Interactions and Antimicrobial Activity of Synthesized 1‐(3‐Chloropropyl)Piperidin‐1‐Ium Tetraphenylborate

Abstract

The study introduces a novel ionic compound, 1‐(3‐chloropropyl)piperidin‐1‐ium tetraphenylborate (NCPP‐TPB), synthesized and characterized through an integrated approach of spectroscopic, crystallographic, and computational analyses. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction confirmed the compound's solid‐state structure, emphasizing its intricate hydrogen bonding and noncovalent interactions, which ensure structural stability. Hirshfeld surface and QTAIM analyses quantitatively, evaluated these interactions, indicating dominant H─H and C─H/H─C contacts. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations at the B3LYP/6‐311G(d,p) level established an interaction energy of −136.6 kcal/mol, suggesting the significant stabilization through these noncovalent interactions. The compound exhibited potent antimicrobial properties, particularly against Staphylococcus aureus, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 12.5 µg/mL, and against Candida albicans, with an MIC of 25 µg/mL. This research enhances the understanding of the structural dynamics and potential pharmaceutical applications of NCPP‐TPB, contributing a valuable insight into the design of ion‐pair complexes with significant biological activities.