Defect-stabilized and oxygen-coordinated iron single-atom sites facilitate hydrogen peroxide electrosynthesis

Oxygen-coordinated iron single-atom sites (Fe–O₄) modified with vacancy defects show high 2e⁻-ORR catalytic performance. The Fe–O₄ moiety is relevant to the selectivity and kinetic rate of the 2e⁻ pathway while vacancy defects enhance the stability.