Does Cigarette Smoke Affect Permanent Resin‐Based Crown Materials?
Ezgi Sonkaya, Koray Soygun, Öykü Ceren KahramanABSTRACT
Objective
The purpose of this study was to investigate how cigarette smoking affects the surface roughness (Ra) and stainability of additively and subtractively manufactured resins.
Materials and Methods
Two additively manufactured definitive resins (Dentafab, DF and Formlabs, FL) and a subtractively manufactured resin nanoceramic (Cerasmart, CS) were used to fabricate 60 specimens (14 × 12 × 1 mm). After taking baseline Ra and color measurements (ΔE00), they were divided into two groups (n = 10). Using a programmable cigarette smoking simulation device, the study groups smoked 10 cigarettes a day for 30 days. The control groups were kept in artificial saliva for 30 days. The Ra and ΔE00 were performed again. Scanning electron microscope images were taken. Kruskal–Wallis test, Mann–Whitney U, Bonferroni, and Wilcoxon Signed Rank tests were used for statistical analyses (α = 0.05).
Result
Significantly less discoloration was observed in the FL group compared with the other groups (p < 0.001). The Ra of the DF study groups was statistically significantly higher than the control groups (p = 0.005).
Conclusion
All the tested materials had moderately unacceptable color change when previously reported threshold values were considered. There was not found to be any linear correlation between the Ra of materials and smoking‐induced discoloration.
Clinical Significance
The discoloration and surface roughness of three‐dimensional (3D)‐produced SLA definitive resin because of smoking are at acceptable levels. Optimized physical and chemical properties of definitive resins are clinically important to extend the life of the restoration. The application of 3D definitive resin can be recommended in clinical practice.