Mechanistic associations between dietary patterns and colorectal cancer

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common cancer with high morbidity and mortality rates. Its occurrence and development are determined by many factors, including genetics, the environment, lifestyle, and so on. The occurrence of CRC is often accompanied by changes in the intestinal microenvironment. Numerous studies have focused on the association between dietary patterns, dietary components, and CRC now. This article reviews five different dietary patterns: the Western diet, the Mediterranean diet, the ketogenic diet, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet, and fasting, and the mechanistic associations between their food components and CRC. The finding can provide a reference for further studies on the association between different dietary patterns and CRC and will help clinicians formulate reasonable and feasible dietary interventions.