MHD nanofluid flow over a thin needle: Impact of second‐order slip and variable thermal properties

Abstract

The complexity of second‐order slip flow phenomena demonstrated by magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) nanofluids passing through a thin needle with dynamically changing thermal characteristics is explored in this article. It delves deeply into the mutual effects of thermophoretic and Brownian motion and analyzes the implications of MHD. Specifically, temperature‐dependent variations in the viscosity and thermal conductivity of the nanofluid are observed, and the boundary contact is subject to a strict zero mass flow constraint. Employing transformative methodologies, the governing equations are transmuted into a set of intricate ordinary differential equations (ODEs), systematically tackled using the sophisticated MATLAB bvp4c algorithm to furnish precise numerical solutions. This research provides important new understandings of the complex dynamics of nanofluids surrounding thin needles, clarifying their relevance in many engineering contexts. The study reveals that the rate of heat transfer is enhanced for the higher surface needle thickness, and the fluid with higher viscosity yields a decrease in the temperature of the fluid.